PURPOSE: To use these commands as a basis to build a reference sheet for quizzes, midterms, and final exam.
NOTE: This is a listing of Linux commands only. When building your reference sheet, you should include useful options as well (refer to ULI101 and OPS435 notes)
FILE SYSTEM BASICS:
The Linux system
directories:
/bin – holds binary
executables
/boot – holds the
Linux kernel
/etc – contains
configuration files
/home – the default
home directory for users ($HOME)
/lib – contains
library files
/mnt
– contains mounted drives
/root – the root
user’s home directory
/tmp
– contains temporary files
/var
– contains files that change
File System Commands:
cd
pwd
ls
mkdir
rmdir
rm
File System Concepts:
Absolute pathname – Starts from root (/)
Relative pathname – relative to current working directory ( use filename, ./ and ../ symbols)
Relative-to-home pathname ( ~ represents user’s home directory, ~otheruser represents “otheruser’s” home directory)
File Name Expansion
(FNE):
* - Used to represent zero or more characters
? – Used to represent a single character that can represent any character
[..] - Called “Character Class” – Used to represent a single character, and what characters, range of characters allowed for that character. If an exclamation point begins after open square bracket, then represents a single character containing any character OTHER than what is contained in character class (for example [!0-9] would represent a single character that is NOT a number…
Text Editing Commands:
vi / pico / nled
cp
mv
sort
cut
paste
diff
uniq
find
tr
grep
awk
sed
Miscellaneous
Commands:
exit,
logout, <ctrl><d>
cal
cat
date
echo
history
lpr
man /
info
touch
who
which
whereis